ARKA ROSES: Picture book of IIHR ROSES

PICTURE BOOK OF

IIHR ROSES

Published by Director ICAR-IndianInstituteofHorticulturalResearch HesaraghattaLakePost,Bengaluru- 560089,Karnataka,India

Tel.No.

:+91-80-2308 6100

: Director.iihr@icar.gov.in :http://www.iihr.res.in

Website

e-book No EB-01/2021 Arka Roses: Picture book of IIHR Roses. January 2021

Compiled and Edited by

Dr. Tejaswini Prakash Dr. Usha Bharathi T Dr. Sujatha S

Correct citation Tejaswini P, Usha Bharathi T. and Sujatha S. 2021. Arka Roses: Picture book of IIHR Roses. (https://www.iihr.res.in). e-book No. EB-01/2021, Published by Director, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru.

Foreword

‘ A rose is a rose is a rose ’ .

cut flower roses are mostly grown in controlled conditions in soilless culture. The cut flower production in India is limited to protected cultivation. Cut flower rose varieties identified at ICAR-IIHR would pave way for both open-field and soil based protected cultivation. Besides, use of these Indian varieties would reduce production cost as procurement of exotic rose cultivars on a large scale would be difficult and costly. This book ‘Arka Roses’ on rose genotypes developed at ICAR-IIHR indicates their beauty, novelty and potentialities. The ecosystem services offered by rose production systems and the environmental benefits of Arka roses are emphasized in the picture book. I appreciate the efforts put in by rose breeders initially viz., Dr. R.N. Bhat and others. Now Dr. Tejaswini and her team have come out with excellent illustration of the varieties maintained, as well as those developed by them. I compliment them for their efforts and hope that this will be of use to the growers, students and researchers.

Rose ( Rosa spp.) is one of the important commercial flower crops grown worldwide for multiple purposes. The garden roses are predominantly grown globally for ornamental purposes in garden and landscapes. Cut flower rose is a highly traded commodity contributing to 70% of total cut flower trade in the global market. The potentialities of roses in medicinal and industrial sectors are immense. There is a constant demand for new varieties with change in time, place and purpose. Considering the commercial importance of the crop, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru is involved in rose research since its establishment. Our rose research team has come out with several varieties that have been named and identified for cut flower, loose flower and garden display. Most of these varieties are high yielding and novel types. Several more genotypes from the breeding program are in pipeline for future release. Exotic rose cultivars are dominant in India in cut flower segment. Exotic cut flower cultivars are not only costly but adaptability to diverse Indian conditions is difficult. Globally, the

(Dr. M.R. Dinesh)

P reface

Roses do not bloom hurriedly; like any masterpiece, takes time to unfurl. S o is the rose breeding. Breeding of rose is a long journey takes time and tests your patience. Rose breeding is a passion and the journey is filled with prickles worth enough to hold the gentle rose blooming with our efforts. We test hundreds of plants to see which can sire the best progeny, we create series of blood line that can withstand the harsh weather and we hold the crossed seeds letting it to pass through dormancy praying with folded hands wishing it to germinate. Creation of variability and selecting the desired from the variables is the basic essence of any breeding program. Seed setting and seed germination itself are the major hurdles in rose breeding program to create variability. Targeted breeding for desired ideotype is difficult with sporophytic approach; hence, we have developed a breeding strategy with gametophytic selection approach in our hybridization program to pool the genes of interest. Several experimentations have resulted in enhanced seed germination percentage. Seedlings tested on their own root were advanced further based on selection index. Variability is also created by mutation approach with gamma irradiation of selected explants. In addition, bud sports also add variability for selecting pool of genotypes. All these selected breeding material gets budded on suitable root stocks for testing under different environments and gets an IIHR number once they are stabilized. Screening for pest and disease is an integral part of our rose breeding program. For prospective genetic materials

in breeding program, national identification numbers (IC No) are obtained from ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), New Delhi. Based on performance evaluation and production potential in comparison with standard checks, genotypes get identified with a name prefixed by Arka and released for commercial cultivation. Of thousands of flowers crossed and many more thousands of seeds sown, hundreds might germinate and tens may be taken further and one may succeed. Rose breeding at ICAR-IIHR is a journey and is a relay with the baton being passed from generations of scientists with dedicated team work. Scientists, technicians, students, research staff and field workers are all part of this journey. Some of the interesting and selected rose progenies that have passed through testing and observations over the years have been captured and presented in this book for the readers to appreciate the beauty. Some have been named and released while several others are yet to be named and to be let out of the boundary for rose lovers and growers. From ICAR-IIHR we have named and released varieties for commercial cultivation in polyhouse and open field for production of flowers. Some are fragrant to delight the senses. Several others are beautiful depending on beholders eyes. In this compilation of rose pictures, we have attempted to present the beauty of our rose lines to be admired and appreciated.

CONTENTS

Sl. No.

Particulars

Page No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Arka Swadesh

1-6

Arka Ivory Arka Pride Arka Savi

7-10

11-14 15-20 21-24 25-30 31-32 33-34 35-38 39-42 43-48 49-52 53-56 57-58 59-62 63-66 67-68 69-70 71-72 73-74 75-78 79-80 81-82 83-84 85-86 87-88 89 -90 91-92 93-96

Arka Parimala Arka Sukanya

Arka Kiran

Arka G.S. Randhawa

Arka Sharmeeli Arka Sinchana Arka Kinnari IIHRR 4-4-2 IIHRR 3-7-12 IIHRR 4-15-12

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

IIHRR 7-4

IIHRR 3-18-2

IIHRR 15

IIHRR 13-16 IIHRR 11-3 IIHRR 13-24 IIHRR 9-13 IIHRR 2-9-8-1

IIHRR 5

IIHRR 13-4

IIHRP 7

IIHRR 204 IIHRR 7-7 IIHRR 7-1

IIHRR 13-3-1

Tips for gardening

Ideal for cut flower production in open field and polyhouse High yielding variety with long flower stalks and shining foliage

Suitable for cut flower production Large buds, long stalks and broad foliage Tolerant to mites

Cut flower variety for open field and protected cultivation Attractive opening of flowers on long stems with very few prickles

Suitable for loose flower production in open field High yielding variety, easy to maintain Flowers have long shelf life

High yielding fragrant variety suitable for organic cultivation Field tolerance to thrips and black spot Rich in fragrance and antioxidant Potential source for natural food colour, flavour and aromatic industry

Our own magic

D ur ing one of m y tr ip s , I b r o u gh t m y f r iend De v on w i t h me w ho lo v e s hiking . I t old him t he r e w a s n ' t m u ch t o e x plo r e s ince t he st eep mo u n t ain s w e r e clo s ed off , b ut he w a s happ y t o s e tt le in t hi s li tt le s po t w e fo u nd no t t oo fa r f r om a r i v e r . A companion

r own magic

A companion

High yielding variety with big flowers and long pedicel Easy to manage with less pest and diseases Potential source for aromatic industry with fragrant flowers 1.

It is an easy to maintain shrub for pot and garden Flowers have white streaks, leaves are light green

Attractive flower blooms with good stalk length Ideal for flower bed and floral arrangements

Flowers in bunches and color changes from bud to bloom Flowers with multiple shades exist on same plant at the same time Well suited for pots and flower beds

Red flowers and coppery green foliage Highly floriferous spreading bush Suitable for pots and floral beds

Bicolour flowers with high center Parakeet green foliage and stem with soft prickles Grows well under partial shade

Bright red flowers with upright plant habit Good for creating focal points in garden Easy to maintain environmental friendly rose

Environmental friendly floriferous bush Tolerant to blackspot Helps in conserving urban biodiversity by attracting bees

Floriferous hardy bush with attractive flowers and fruits Tolerant to blackspot and easy to maintain Suitable for hedge and median planting

Adds color to garden with attractive flowers and mild fragrance

Amenable for cut flower production in open field Long stems and less prickles

Dwarf spreading bush Good for container growing and mass planting

Wide spreading plant habit Suitable for wild and informal garden

Flowers of Multiple hues of yellow and orange To create designs of warmth in garden

Soft baby pink flowers and sprawling branches Well suited for shallow containers and rose beds

Climbing rose with bunches of flowers Perfect for pergolas and floral arches and trellis Can grow well under partial shade Good choice for balconies and to decorate vertical space

Climber with captivating cluster of flowers Environmental friendly plant with few pest and diseases Good choice for any landscape, even for partial shade

Flowers having blend of violet and pink colours Attractive opening of flowers with high center

Flowers in clusters and glossy foliage Bush rose that resists powdery mildew Ideal for container growing and flower beds

Red and big flowers Thick petals rich in pigment and fragrance A good choice for natural food colour with flavour

Potential for cut flower production in open field and protected cultivation High yielding with long flower stalks and good vase life

High yielding with big and bold flowers Flowers have long stalks and good vase life Prospective variety for cut flower production in protected cultivation

High yielding with big flower buds, long stalks and good vase life Ideal variety for cut flower production in protected cultivation

Potential variety for cut flower production in protected condition Long flower stalks and good keeping quality

Tips for Rose gardening

● For supply of organic matter, dry leaf wastes or kitchen

also preferable) can be prepared at monthly intervals

wastes can be applied either directly or after

and one tablespoon mixture can be applied per plant.

composting.

● For cost effectiveness, nutrient mixture sufficient for 10

● About 0.7 kg vermicompost or compost can be

plants (70 g urea, 130 g SSP and 70 g MOP) can be

obtained from one kg organic waste biomass that is

prepared and two tablespoons of nutrient mixture can

sufficient for one rose plant/pot.

be applied at monthly interval per plant

● Kitchen wastes and leaf wastes in garden including

● For potted roses, one teaspoon of nutrient mixture can

rose leaf prunings can vermicomposted using Eudrilus

be applied per plant per month.

euginae earthworm species in pots. Wastes can also be

● If yellowing occurs in top and fresh leaf growth and

composted using microbial decomposers

veins are green in rose, Zinc Sulphate should be to soil

● Garden rose is a heavy feeder of nutrients and it

(0.1 g) or as foliar spray (0.1 g per litre of water).

requires 87 g urea, 160 g SSP and 100 g SOP/ 83 g MOP

● If pale yellowing is seen in top and fresh leaf growth

per year per plant. This can be supplied at monthly

and veins are green in rose, Ferrous Sulphate should be

interval as mixture of 10 g Urea, 13 g SSP and 8 g SOP

applied to soil (0.1 g) or as foliar spray (0.1 g per litre of

or 6 g MOP per plant).

water).

● For 10 rose plants, a mixture of 40 g urea, 40 g 19:19:19

and 40 g Muriate of Potash (50 g Sulphate of Potash is

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