Weather Based Crop Advisory

IIHR WEATHER REPORT AND CROP ADVISORIES

METEOROLOGICAL DATA OF    

ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH

HESSARAGHATTA LAKE P.O., BANGALORE – 560 089

Latitude : 13^o 7’ N                              Longitude: 77^o29’ E               Altitude: 890 M

Date	Temperature		Relative Humidity		Evaporation	Wind speed	Rainfall
-	oC		%		mm	km/h	mm
	Mean Max.	Mean Min.	Mean At 8.30 am	Mean At 1.30 pm
30.09.2024	31.2	20.4	88	59	4.6	1.73	0.0

Period: 1^st to 15^th October, 2024

Latitude : 13⁰7¹ N                              Longitude : 72⁰29¹E                          Altitude : 890 M

Fortnight	Temperature (0C)		Relative Humidity (%)		Evaporation (mm)	Wind speed (km/h)	Total Rainfall (mm) Mean Max.
	Mean Max.	Mean Min.	Mean At 7.30AM	Mean at 1.30 PM
October (1 - 15) 2024	28.8	21.3	91.3	71.6	3.62	2.77	107.7
	(29.2)	(19.8)	(87.3)	(62.9)	(4.1)	(2.9)	(135.6)

* Figures in the parentheses indicate the mean values during the corresponding period for the previous 5 years

5. Fortnight from 1^st to 15^th October, 2024

During the first fortnight of the month i.e., 1^st to 15^th October, 2024, the mean maximum temperature decreased by 1.16ºC and mean minimum temperature increased by 1.08ºC as compared to the previous fortnight. The mean maximum temperature increased by 0.2^ºC and mean minimum temperature decreased by 0.1ºC as compared to the mean values of the corresponding period for the previous five years. The percent relative humidity in the morning and in the afternoon increased by 3.23% and 8.4% respectively as compared to the previous fortnight. There was 107.7 mm rainfall reported during this fortnight.         

5.  Crop weather situation

• In Mango cv. Alphonso vegetative flush and off -season flowering is seen during the first fortnight of the October.​
• The fortnight had lower rainfall than the average of previous five years. Mulching should be applied to prevent evaporation losses. In places where soil moisture is favorable, plantation of rabi vegetables can be done

5. Incidence of insect pests

Under the prevailing weather situation, following pests are expected under Bengaluru conditions on different horticultural crops. Various management options for their management are mentioned below.      

Mango shoot borer

• Clip and destroy affected shoots
• Spray *profenophos 50EC @ 2ml/l,  indoxacarb 14.5 SC@ 0.75ml/l or Quinalphos 25 EC @ 2ml/l at the time of emergence of new flush. This will also take care of leaf eating weevil, Rhynchaenus mangiferae

Webber and ash weevil on Mango

• Incidence of webber and ash weevil become serious on new leaves.  Remove webbed leaves wherever possible and burn them. Spray quinalphos 25EC@ 2 ml/l or lambda cyhalothrin 5EC @ 1ml /l for their management. 

Pomegranate

Fruit sucking moth:

• Wherever matured fruits are there fruit sucking moth damage is expected. Netting the orchards is recommended
• Spray cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD@1.25g/l

Grapes

• Thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis is expected to occur on leaves of newly pruned Bangalore Blue. Spray fipronil 5SC @ 1.5ml/L or Metarhizium formulations.

Fruit fly on cucurbits

• For the management of fruit fly on cucurbits, following integrated approach may be followed. Deployment of cue lure traps @ 10 traps/acre + Sanitation (complete destruction of infested fruits at each harvest) + Bait spray (Deltamethrin 0.1 % + jaggery @ 10g/L) at 10 days interval from the date of flowering

Tobacco caterpillar on Tomato

• For the management of this pest, spray indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 0.75 ml/L or thiodicarb 75WP @ 1 g/L

Leaf hopper on okra/Bhendi

• Incidence of jassids is observed on okra.  Spray imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/l, if the crop is at pre-flowering stage. Otherwise, spray neem or pongamia soaps @ 1 %, thoroughly covering lower surface of leaves.

Thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis on chilli

• Black thrips incidence is increasing on chilli and capsicum; it is advised to farmers to raise seedlings under Nylon mesh thrips proof conditions, use thrips free seedlings
• Barrier crop: sow maize all along the border 30 days before chilli transplantation
• Root dipping of the seedlings in imidacloprid 17.8 SL solution @ 0.5 ml per litre of water for one hour during transplanting
• After planting: regular alternate weekly spraying of imidacloprid 17.8 SL 0.5ml/litre+ neem oil 2.5ml/litre, fipronil80WG@40g/acre, Fipronil 40%+ imidaclorpid40%@40g/acre, Cyantraniliprole10OD@240ml/acre, acetamiprid20SP@40g/acre, spirotetramat150 OD@160ml/acre, pongamia oil 2.5ml/litre

or

• Spray twice @ minimum 15 days interval  in a crop cycle Isocycloseram 9.2% (w/w DC) + Isocycloseram10% (w/v DC) * @ 1.2ml/liter
• Every 15days interval (depending upon the outbreak) chlropyrifos 50EC (2.5ml/l) soil drenching is required to kill pupa that are in soil.

Note: none of these chemicals approved by CIBRC except isocyloseram

*CIBRC label claim available

Rose Thrips

• Incidence of rose thrips was observed more under polyhouse conditions. Spray acepthate 70SP @ 1 g/l or imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.5 ml/l for its management.

* CIBRC label claim available

Disclaimer: Wherever label claim not available, recommendations are made based on experimental results

5. Disease scenario

Disease scenario in relation to the weather data during first fortnight of October, 2024.

Vegetable crops:

Tomato

• Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora infestans) is expected to aggravate in tomato.  To manage this disease, remove low lying infected leaves and spray mancozeb75%WP or zineb75%WP(2g/l)/ as protective sprays followed by Famoxadone16.6%+ Cymoxanil 22.1%SC (1g/l) or  Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WG (3g/l) as curative spray

Chilli

• Anthracnose severity increases under prevailing weather conditions. Foliar application  of   copper oxychloride 50% WP (2.5g/l) or mancozeb75%WP  (2 g/l) or  zineb75%WP (2g/l) as preventive sprays  followed by  difenoconazole25% EC (0.5ml/l) or  metiram 55% + pyraclostrobin 5% WG (3g/l) as curative sprays at 15 days interval has to be followed to manage this disease.

Fruit Crops

Mango 

• To protect trees from fungal infection, apply Bordeaux paste to tree trunk up to 1m from soil before start of North-East monsoon. Prune disease affected twigs or branches and apply copper oxy chloride (3g/L) or Bordeaux paste to pruned parts