CROP WEATHER SITUATION
METEOROLOGICAL DATA OF
ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH
HESSARAGHATTA LAKE P.O., BANGALORE – 560 089
Period: 16th to 29th February, 2024
Latitude : 13o 7’ N Longitude: 77o29’ E Altitude: 890 M
Fortnight |
Temperature, |
Relative Humidity, |
Evaporation, |
Wind speed, |
Total Rainfall, |
||
February 16-29, 2024 |
oC |
% |
mm |
km/h |
mm |
||
Mean Max. |
Mean Min. |
Mean At 7.30 am |
Mean At 1.30 pm |
|
|
|
|
32.14 |
16.11 |
70.93 |
31.57 |
6.47 |
4.96 |
0.00 |
|
(32.1) |
(13.3) |
(68.1) |
(34.3) |
(6.1) |
(4.1) |
(3.0) |
* Figures in the parentheses indicate the mean values during the corresponding period for the previous 5 years
- Fortnight from 16thto 29th February, 2024
During the first fortnight of the month i.e., 16th to 29th February, 2024, the mean maximum and minimum temperature increased by 0.37 oC and 1.86 oC respectively as compared to the previous fortnight. The mean maximum temperature increased by 1.7 oC and mean minimum temperature decreased by 0.1 oC as compared to the mean values of the corresponding period for the previous five years. The percent relative humidity in the morning decreased by 19.27% and in the afternoon increased by 0.5% as compared to the previous fortnight. There was no rainfall reported during this fortnight.
- Crop Weather Situation
Mulching may be practiced to conserve soil moisture and in the absence of sufficient irrigation, soil application of fertilizers may be avoided. Frequent irrigation has to be provided to fruits and vegetable crops as the day temperature and evaporation rates are high. Boron application to be provided for mango to avoid fruit drop and Nitrogen & Potassium fertilizers to be applied for better fruit size.
Pest Scenario under – prevailing weather conditions (March I FN 2024)
Under the prevailing weather situation during I fortnight of March 2024, the following pests are expected under Bangalore conditions. Various pest management options are also mentioned below.
Hoppers on mango:
- Incidence of hoppers is expected on mango. Spray Azadirachtin 10000 ppm @ 3 ml/L, if the hopper population is low to moderate. If the number exceeds 4 per panicle spray with *imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.5 ml/l or *oxydemeton – methyl 25% EC @ 2 ml/l or *dimethoate 30% EC @ 2ml/litre at early panicle emergence.
- Addition of sticker is essential. Avoid spraying on full bloom to protect pollinators.
- For organic orchards, application of entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae formulation @ 5ml/L is recommended.
Flower webbers/inflorescence caterpillars on mango
- Besides hoppers, inflorescence caterpillars which web the flowers and feed inside are potential pests on mango during January. Application of lambda cyhalothrin 5EC @ 0.5ml/L or cypermethrin 25 EC @1ml/L are useful to control the pest.
Mango stone weevil management: Wherever fruits reached lemon size (2-4 cm diameter), a spray of deltamethrin 2.5 SC @ 1ml/L will be effective.
Fruit fly Management: In orchards where fruit set has occurred early and have attained full size, erect methyl eugenol based fruit fly traps @ 6/acre. Collect and destroy fallen fruits.
Mango Fruit Borer
- Collect the fallen fruits at regular intervals and destroy or bury them in a pit
- First spray has to be given when fruits are at lemon size with any one of the insecticides viz., Lambda cyhalothrin 5EC @1ml/l or indoxacarb 14.5SC@ 0.75ml/l or spinetoram 11.7SC @ 1.25ml/l. This has to be followed by second spray after 12-15 days with a botanical pesticide, azadirachtin 10000ppm @2ml/l or IIHR neem soap @10g/l.
- In case of orchards following organic /non chemical farming, first spray can be taken up with either Bt@1ml or Azadirachtin 1% @2ml/l.
Mealy bugs on grapes:
- Incidence of mealybugs may increase during this period.
- Encourage natural enemies such as lady bird beetle. If incidence is high than spray difenthiuron 50 WP 1g/litre and repeat the spray after 2 weeks.
Leaf miner on tomato
- Incidence of leaf miner is observed on tomato. For its management spray neem seed kernel extract 4% from nursery till flowering @ 7-10 days intervals.
Mites on tomato:
- For the management of mites on tomato, spray spiromesifen 22.9 SC@ 1ml/litre
Whiteflies on tomato:
- Incidence of whiteflies is noticed on tomato. For their management spray difenthiuron 50 WP 1g/litre.
Tomato moth
- Install tuta pheromone traps for monitoring of the adults @ 4-6 traps/acre
- Spray indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 0.75 ml/litre or spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3ml/l
Brinjal shoot and fruit borer
- For the management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, spray rynaxypyr 18.5 SC @ 0.3 ml/l rotate with emamectin benzoate 5 SG 0.3g/liter followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 0.5 ml/litre.
Midge on chillies:
- Severe incidence of midges is observed on chilli which causes maximum damage at flowering stage. Spray thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.3 g/l for their management.
Black thrips on chilli (tentative management only)
- Black thrips incidence is increasing on chilli and capsicum; it is advised to raise seedlings under Nylon mesh thrips proof conditions, use thrips free seedlings
- Barrier crop: sow maize all along the border 30 days before chilli transplantation
- Root dipping of the seedlings in imidacloprid 17.8 SL solution @ 0.5 ml per litre of water for one hour during transplanting
- After planting: regular alternate weekly spraying of imidacloprid 17.8 SL 0.5ml/litre+ neem oil 2.5ml/litre, fipronil80WG@40g/acre, Fipronil 40%+ imidaclorpid40%@40g/acre, Cyantraniliprole10OD@240ml/acre, acetamiprid20SP@40g/acre, spirotetramat150 OD@160ml/acre, pongamia oil 2.5ml/litre
or
- Spray twice @ minimum 15 days interval in a crop cycle Isocycloseram 9.2% (w/w DC) + Isocycloseram10% (w/v DC) * @ 1.2ml/liter
- Every 15 days interval (depending upon the outbreak) chlropyrifos 50EC (2.5ml/l) soil drenching is required to kill pupa that are in soil.
- Note: none of these chemicals approved by CIBRC except isocyloseram
*CIBRC label claim available
Mites on Chilli
- For their management of chilli thrips spray spiromesfin 22.9 SC @ 1 ml/l or fenazaquin 10 EC@ 3 g/L.
Thrips on rose
- For the management of thrips on rose, spray imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.5 ml/l or fipronil 5 SC @ 1.5ml/litre.
Disease Scenario
Chilli
- Prevailing weather conditions aggravate Chilli leaf curl virus problem in chilli. To manage vectors transmitting this disease follow insecticide application; Neem oil (Azadirachtin 10000ppm) @2ml/L, Imidachloprid 70%WG@2g/15L, neem soap or pongamia soap(5g/l), spinosad0.25ml/L. To enhance disease tolerance, give foliar spray of sea weed extract Sagarika @ 2.0ml/L
Mango
- To prevent anthracnose on fruits give pre harvest sprays with Carbendazim (1g/L)/ Thiophanate methyl (1g/L / Prochloraz (1g/L) or Chlorothalonil (2g/L) at 14 days interval. Give protective irrigation during water scarcity to reduce trees vulnerability to die back and gummosis infection
Cucurbits
- Gummy stem blight disease severity is expected to increase. To manage this disease give protective sprays with. Chlorothalonil 75%WP@ 2g/L, followed by foliar spray of tebuconazole.25.9 EC @ 1ml/L. Provide optimum irrigation to prevent splitting of stems.
Papaya
- To manage Papaya Ring spot virus applies FYM enriched (25 kg/ plant) + Arka Microbial Consortium (50 g/plant) + bioagents (Pseudomonas + Pochonia + Trichoderma) + 250g neem cake to soil. Give foliar spray of neem oil @2ml/l. Give additional spray of sagarika @ 2.0ml/L.