CHES Hirehalli

 

Research Achievements

Germplasm Conservation and Domestication

Collection, conservation, evaluation and utilization of germplasm of fruits and vegetables as well as identification of varieties and hybrids suitable for the region were important activities of the station. The numbers of germplasm lines and varieties have been collected, maintained and being evaluated at the station.

NAGS for Jackfruit

      NAGS site have been established in New farm area. Seventy five promising clones of Jack fruit were already planted.

Other germplasm maintained at CHES - Hirehalli.

Seven minor fruits were introduced Viz., Bael, Karonda. Red sitaphal, Sour sop, Barbados cherry, Salak fruit, Milky fruit, Kapel, Blimbi, Carambola, Passion fruit, Miracle fruit, Malayan apple and Marking nut

S.No	Crop	No. of  Germplasm
1.	Jackfruit	75
2.	Avocado	16
3.	Minor fruits	14
4	Citrus sp	5
5	Dragon fruit	4

 Varieties Developed

 "SIDDU"- Novel Jackfruit Selections with High Nutritive Value and Attractive Coppery Red Flakes

Different types of jackfruit have come into commercial cultivation with different local names for the cultivars. Whatever varieties are grown commercially they are all selections made by enlightened growers or enthusiasts based on their own ideas of suitability. Further, there is no released varieties especially in orange reddish/coppery red flakes in our country which is having huge demand consumer. The present study considering the emerging importance of the crop was therefore carried out with the objectives of identifying superior quality and colour flakes with higher nutritive value. ICAR- IIHR-Central Horticultural Experiment Station (CHES), Hirehalli, Karnataka, undertook survey for identifying superior Jackfruit types during 2014 in the traditional Jackfruit growing tracts of Southern Karnataka. These regions were found dominated by seedlings and considerable variability existed for tree morphology and fruit parameters. During survey, 128 samples were shortlisted out of which 42 samples were evaluated for basic horticultural traits.  The process resulted in identification of one superior accessions conforming to the criteria of selection. The  jackfruit farmer variety tree age is around 35 years identified from Chelur, Tumkur district and shape of the tree is broadly pyramidal. It is classified under small sized fruits (2-5 Kg). Weight of fruits 2.44 kg; Fruit shape irregular; Number of fruits/ tree- 450 (35 yrs.);  and highly suitable for homesteads and commercial. Estimated yield 1098 Kg per tree; Bulb characters: Fruit consumption suit  very much four member in family and each fruits contains (25-30 bulbs). Flakes colour- Coppery Red and quality (sweet and Firm), significantly proved better as compared to the Yellow and white colour flaked one. Weight of  per flakes (24.5 g); Flake thickness (8.5 mm)  and highest total soluble solids was recorded in (31.0 ⁰B) in Siddu jackfruit.

             Further, studies showed that Proximate and Phytochemical composition (per 100g flakes) of of SIDDU Jackfruit (Coppery Red Flakes) such as carotenoids, flavonoids, antioxidant and vitamins varied among clones

  Phytochemical composition of SIDDU Jackfruit (Coppery Red Flakes)

Sl. No.	Parameter	SIDDU	White color flakes
1.	TSS (°Brix)	31.0	27.0
2.	Acidity (%)	0.62	0.43
3.	Vitamin-C  (mg/100 g)	6.48	3.90
4.	Total Phenols  (mg Gallic acid equivalents/100g)	31.76	30.09
5.	Total Flavonoids  (mg catechin equivalents/100g)	3.74	12.97
6.	FRAP (mg AEAC/100g)	11	3.72
7.	DPPH (mg AEAC/100g)	14.93	24.19
8.	Total Carotenoids  (mg/100g)	4.43	0.55
9.	Lycopene (mg/100g)	1.12	0.04

Siddu Jackfruit having deep coppery red colour flakes with the highest values of total carotenoids and lycopene classes of phytochemicals composition as compared to the one having white colour flakes. Total soluble solids of this variety is quite high which is an important parameter related with fruit quality. Phytochemical composition rich in Coppery Red Siddu jackfruit (such as Carotenoids (4.43 mg/100g), Lycopene (1.12 mg/100g), Total Flavonoids (3.74 mg catechin equivalents/100g), Total Phenols (31.76 mg Gallic acid equivalents/100g), Vitamin-C (6.48 mg/100 g) when compared to Yellow and white coloured Flakes. Total antioxidant activity from 11.00 and 14.93 mg AEAC/100g in FRAP and DPPH assay, respectively which indicated potential of its health promoting and functional food components. Further, Coppery Red Siddu jackfruit also contribute towards food and nutritional security as they provide good calories and a range of functional food components.

 

Production Technologies:

Technology for Protected Cultivation of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.)

Four papaya cultivars viz., IGH, Arka Surya, Red Lady and Arka Prabhath were established under insect proof screen house as well as in the open field. The papaya cultivars were assessed for their morphological, yield and quality attributes both in the net house and open field conditions to identify the variation in growth and yield among the cultivars as well as the environmental conditions. The cost economics was also worked out for cultivation of papaya in both the environments to know the economic feasibility. Significant differences were existed among the cultivars and the environmental conditions for various morphological parameters. The papaya cultivars grown under net house showed better results than the papaya cultivars that grown under open field condition. The microclimate prevailed in the net house favoured varied metabolic activities of the plants and promoted the plant growth significantly. It also favoured early flowering and early harvest compared to the open field.

• The fruit yield and quality varied significantly among the four cultivars and environmental conditions. The fruit yield was found to be more in the net house than the open field. Among the cultivars, the cultivar Red Lady was recorded maximum yield compared to other cultivars with big sized fruits. Of the four cultivars, the cultivar Red Lady was found to be performed better in all the quality traits.
• There was no incidence of PRSV inside the net house throughout the course of experiment. Whereas, all papaya cultivars in the open field was affected by PRSV. The result revealed that both the cultivar Arka Surya and Arka Prabhath were susceptible that expressed more symptoms on the plants.
• The Benefit: Cost ratio was found to be more to the cultivar Red Lady cultivar that grown under net house condition due to its higher yield and high returns than the other cultivars.

Dragon Fruit

Dragon fruit evaluation trial has been established to assess the growth and yield performance

 

Extension Activities

 

Dissemination of sustainable technologies for enhanced horticultural productivity, quality and profitability

 

• Fruit crops demonstration plot of IIHR released varieties were established
• Production of Fruit plants viz., Jackfruit, Dragon and Avocado and  other fruit plant materials.
• Kisan Ghosti/ day /Mela
• Stall for demonstration of technologies
• Publication of extension literature
• Consultancy in Horticulture
• Field visits and guidance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publication

Technical bulletins

• Jack fruit….A Versatile Fruit
• Halasu (Kannada)

 

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