FAQ

As such the TRIPS Act does not speak specifically of local communities. But, the provisions, of TRIPS do not bar the protection of local knowledge exclusive to a community. However, such protection can be availed from a single entity it is in this context that countries with knowledge-rich indigenous communities are advocating for Community Property Rights, in which case, the benefits can be passed on to the community.

Natural substances are non-patentable, as they do not qualify as innovations. However, novel, unique products made from natural substances (viz: bio-medicines) can be patented.

Optimum temperature and duration for cold storage of flowers varies with crop, cultivar and harvest stages. Flowers like rose, carnation, gladiolus, chrysanthemum, aster, gerbera and tuberose store well between 2°-4°C for 5-15 days. Orchids and anthurium flowers store well between 7°-10°C for 7-10 days without affecting the normal quality.

Definitely the gains are meant primarily for the inventor. But depending on the product, relative gains to other market players would vary. For eg., if it is a product like essential drug, then though the inventor can claim a patent, the Government can take steps to ensure that the pricing of the medicine is regulated. Then, the potential benefits that can be realized is reduced for the innovator, manufacturers and traders in the general interest of public welfare (consumers).

Bent neck in rose occurs due to

• Immature bud harvest.
• Blocking the movement of water bvy air entry  in the xylem vessels.
• Clogging of stem base by microbial growth.

 Bent neck can be prevented by

• Optimum stage of harvest
• Immediately after the dry storage, recut the stem base under water to remove the air from xylem vessels.
• Clogging of stem base due to microbial growth can be prevented by lowering the pH of the holding solution or adding germicide into the holding solution.

<p>Release the predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri at the rate of 10/plant twice at 15 days interval on the appearance of the mealy bugs.</p>
 

The primary advantage of patenting is that it provides an incentive to the inventor of a product as it monetarily compensates the research efforts and costs involved in the development of the product. Furthermore, by acknowledging the uniqueness of an invention, patenting aims to foster more inventions.

Release the parasite Encarsia guadeloupae to control the spiraling whitefly.

Generally, a patent is granted for a period of 17-20 years.

Trichogramma spp. are released in the field in the form of parasitized eggs. Parasitized eggs are pasted on cards/papers and are made available as “tricho-card” commercially. Each tricho-card contains 20,000 parastized eggs. These cards are cut into small pieces containing about 500 parasitized eggs each and the pieces are distributed in the target field by tiening them at random places so as to distribute in the entire field. A weekly release of 40-60 thousand adults/ha is suggested to meet a total of 2.5 lakh adults/ha for effective control of target pest.

Dehydration methods of flowers are sun, shade, hot air oven, microwave oven, freeze drying and press drying.

An inventor has to submit all the details of his invention at the Regional Patent Offices in India. There are 4 patent offices at Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata and Delhi. The Head Office is at Kolkata.

Fee Structure:

Dichlorvos and Chlorlpyriphos can be used when the predator is released.

Shape, size, colour, texture and fragrance are the important parameters to be considered for dry flower quality.

There is an intense lobbying by the western nations to enforce the provisions of the 8th round of the GATT negotiations, specifically the Agreement on Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights, as they are faced with the concern of losing out of royalty realization due to non-uniformity of IPR laws among the different nations.